Born on 21 June 1950 in Lyon, France

• Law degree at the University of Paris II, graduate of the Institute of Judicial Studies, 1973
• Ecole Nationale de la Magistrature in Bordeaux, 1975
• Deputy Secretary General to the first President of the Paris Appeal Court, 1979
• Vice-President of the Senlis Regional Court, 1982
• Secretary General to the President of the Paris Regional Court, 1984
• Secretary General to the First President of the Paris Appeal Court, 1985
• Secretary General to the First President of the Court of Cassation, 1988
• Vice-President of the Paris Regional Court, 1990
• Head of the Department of European and International Affairs in the Ministry of Justice, 1991-1994
• Judge at the Paris Appeal Court, 1994
• Associate professor at the University of Paris X-Nanterre in European Community Law, 1994
• Judge at the Court of First Instance of the European Communities in Luxembourg, 1995
• Section President at the Paris Appeal Court, commercial section, 2001
• Vice-President of the European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice (CEPEJ) at the Council of Europe, 2002-2006
• Judge at the Court of Cassation, 2005-2011
• Visiting Scholar at the Law School of the University of Columbia in New-York, 2011
• Judge of the European Court of Human Rights from 4 November 2011 to 21 June 2020.